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The truth about varicose veins

continued from page 1

Complications
For the majority of sufferers, varicose veins are a cosmetic problem. However, on rare occasions, the following complications can occur:

  • Varicose eczema: itching and discolouration of the skin on the lower leg.
  • Phlebitis: an inflammation of the vein.
  • Thromboses: blood clots that form in the enlarged vein.
  • Venus stasis ulcers: these occur when the enlarged vein does not provide adequate drainage of fluid from the skin, the swollen skin receives insufficient oxygen and an ulcer forms.

  • Risk factors
    Certain people seem to be more predisposed to varicose veins than others. The condition is slightly more common in women, who are more likely to seek treatment than men. You are more at risk from developing varicose veins if members of your family have them and if you are over 40, because as skin ages and loses its elasticity it cannot support the veins as firmly.

    Other factors include changes in hormonal levels brought on by pregnancy, menopause and the use of birth control pills (oestrogen and progesterone). Obesity, a leg injury, inactivity and strain in the abdominal region, from repeated heavy lifting, pregnancy or constipation - a haemorrhoid is actually a varicose vein - can bring on the condition.

    Varicose veins due to pregnancy often improve within three months after delivery. However, these abnormal veins are more likely to remain with successive pregnancies.


    Diagnosis
    Most cases of varicose veins are visible, with the knotted, twisted or bulging darkened veins showing beneath the skin of the lower legs, and the legs may be swollen. If you have varicose veins, you may also experience pain in your lower limbs, especially after standing or sitting still for a long time. Some women describe the pain as feelings of fatigue, heaviness, aching, burning, throbbing, cramping or restlessness.

    Vein disorders are not always visible. Your doctor will refer you to a vascular surgeon to help determine the cause and severity of the problem. The surgeon may carry out an ultrasound scan of the leg veins.

    Seek medical advice if swelling becomes incapacitating, or if the skin over your varicose veins becomes flaky, ulcerated, discoloured or prone to bleeding. In addition, if you have bright red varicose veins, call your doctor as this can be a sign of phlebitis or a blood clot.



     
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