How to choose the right contraception

What it is

Female sterilisation is a surgical procedure that disrupts the two Fallopian tubes, so that sperm and eggs can no longer pass through.

How it works

The Fallopian tubes are cut and tied, sealed with heat, or clipped under general anaesthetic. Usually a laparoscopic (keyhole) technique can be used, which takes 15 to 20 minutes. Sometimes a larger abdominal incision (mini-laparotomy) is needed.

The failure rate of female sterilisation is between two to five per 1,000 operations.

Pros

• Permanent method of contraception.
  
• Female sterilisation is immediately effective. You will usually have a pregnancy test just before the procedure, to rule out early pregnancy.

Cons

• Must be performed in hospital.
  
• Usually involves a general anaesthetic.
  
• Not readily reversible.
  
• There is an increased risk of ectopic pregnancy.