How to choose the right contraception

What it is

Male condoms are made from vulcanised latex rubber, or from polyurethane, which has the advantages of being twice as strong as latex, thinner and non-allergenic.

How it works

Condoms provide a physical barrier to prevent sperm entering the female reproductive tract. Condoms are most effective when used with a spermicidal cream or gel. Apart from protecting against any spilled sperm, this provides extra lubrication, so the condom is less likely to burst than when used dry. It's important to use only a water-based lubricant, as petroleum jelly and mineral oils such as baby oil weaken latex rubber. Condoms also help to protect against sexually transmissible infections.

When used correctly, condoms have a method failure rate of 2% to 5% per year. Typically, however, incorrect use, and the risks of bursting or coming off, increase the typical failure rate to between 11% and 15%.

Pros

• Readily available.
  
• Minimal side-effects.
  
• Effective, with careful use.
  
• May protect both partners against sexually transmissible disease.
  
• May protect women against cervical cancer and pelvic inflammatory disease.
  
• Can be incorporated into foreplay.

Cons

• Must be used properly. Always read the instructions closely, and avoid any genital-to-genital contact until the condom is in place.
  
• Interrupts spontaneity.
  
• Requires a high degree of motivation, if used long-term.
  
• Must be handled carefully.
  
• Reduced sensitivity for the male.
  
• Can cause allergy to spermicide.
  
• Can be expensive.
  
• May burst, slip or fall off.
  
• Discreet disposal may be a problem.