Periods are a pain

Research has shown that women who suffer from dysmenorrhoea have raised levels of certain hormone-like chemicals called prostaglandins that can trigger pain. Analgesics that reduce prostaglandin production such as mefenamic acid and ibuprofen can be beneficial.

If the pain becomes intolerable, your doctor may want to check that there is no underlying cause such as endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease. Once these have been ruled out, your GP may suggest the contraceptive pill which, because it suppresses ovulation and creates an artificial cycle, can be effective for treating spasmodic dysmenorrhoea. However according to Dr Dalton, the Pill is not useful for congestive dysmenorrhoea, which responds to progesterone, rather than oestrogen.

Many complementary therapies claim to be able to help reduce period pain, including reflexology, acupuncture and homeopathy, though strong scientific evidence is scarce. Changing your diet to block the production of pain-provoking prostaglandins may improve matters. Dr Penny Stanway, author of Natural Well Woman (Element, £12.99) suggests: 'The week before your period, choose foods rich in omega-3 essential fatty acids and monosaturated fatty acids, calcium, magnesium and vitamins C and E. Minimize your consumption of refined carbohydrates, animal protein, fat, alcohol and caffeine-containing drinks.'