Second time around
Around 20% of couples suffer with what’s called ‘secondary infertility’, so you’re not alone, but it’s hard to accept and initially a lot of people ask ‘Why?’ or ‘What have we done wrong?’ There are no straightforward answers, just numerous possibilities and in order to get a second pregnancy going, quite complex investigations and treatment may be needed. Your first port of call should be your GP and you may then be referred to a fertility clinic.
Factors which cause secondary infertility
Age. For women in their late 30s and early 40s the chance of conceiving is actually quite low. See Fertile when you’re forty?
Fallopian tube damage. Complications during a previous pregnancy or delivery, or a recent pelvic infection, can harm or block the fallopian tubes and reduce the chances of eggs being fertilised.
Polycystic ovaries. This is a relatively common condition affecting women who have put on a significant amount of weight during their first pregnancy, increasing their body mass index above the normal range. This can interfere with regular ovulation, cause an imbalance of hormones and significantly reduce fertility. Unless women diet back down to the weight they were when they first conceived, they will not regain their previous fertility. Recent research shows that even a little weight loss will help improve your chances of conceiving.
Sperm count. Most healthy men retain their fertility well into middle-age but any chronic illness (like diabetes or high blood pressure) can have a detrimental effect not only on the sperm count but also on the mobility and structure of the sperm, both of which have a role to play in the fertility process.
There are occasions when, despite all the tests and investigations, no apparent cause can be found for secondary infertility. This is frustrating and upsetting, so after a year of trying (sooner if you’re mid-to-late 30s) you should consider active fertility treatment. Investigations can take up to two years to complete via the NHS. If you want to fast track, then see what your local fertility unit offers. Some offer an investigation package (which can cost around £100) providing results within four to six weeks.
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