Rare complications of pregnancy

This is a relatively common, rapidly growing - and non-malignant - lesion (basically formed by an overgrowth of blood vessels) that can also occur in children and young adults as a typically solitary, glistening red nodule, prone to bleed easily. The first appearance is as a small, pin-head sized lesion, which can grow anywhere from 2-20 mm (about the diameter of a one penny piece).

The exact cause for the appearance of a pyogenic granuloma is unknown. Many factors have been suggested, including hormonal influences, but there is little conclusive evidence for any of them. As many of the lesions that do occur in pregnancy resolve soon after delivery, any treatment for removal is often postponed until then.

There is typically rapid growth of the lesion over a period of a few weeks, and although frequently appearing on the head and neck, it can appear elsewhere on the body. In pregnancy, for instance, the most common site for its appearance is within the lining of the mouth - particularly on the gums or lips.

If treatment is needed (because of irritation or bleeding) it is usually in the form of a destructive technique using a laser, electro-cautery or chemical method. Surgical treatment for removal is only very occasionally used. Recurrence can be quite common.