Exercises that improve eyesight

Teachers of The Bates Method believe that if people learn to use their eyes properly, they can abandon their glasses. Anne Woodham takes a look

Dr William Bates, a New York ophthalmologist practising at the beginning of the 20th century, attributed many eye problems to stress, tension and laziness and devised a series of eye exercises to improve eyesight without resorting to lenses or surgery.

Bates' exercises aim to 're-educate' the eye so that it adjusts its focus more efficiently - what he called 'central fixation.' The eye muscles need to be able to move freely in order to make the tiny adaptations necessary to centre on the object of your vision. But, according to Bates, many people habitually strain their eyes by keeping them in a fixed position, 'staring' at a whole scene rather than allowing constant movement. His exercises teach you to relax the eye muscles and optic nerve and use memory and imagination to improve co-ordination between the eyes and the brain.

The medical profession ignored Dr Bates' theories, but followers continued his work in the US, the UK, Germany and India. Many people, including the writer Aldous Huxley, have claimed remarkable improvements in short sight, long sight, astigmatism, squints and lazy eyes. Even children from about five years old are said to be able to practise the exercises and people with normal vision may improve concentration, reading skills and co-ordination.

Eye doctors agree that eye exercises can help some cases, particularly certain types of squint, but are highly sceptical about any claims to benefit macular degeneration, cataracts and glaucoma. Dr Bates carried out research but there have been no recent clinical trials.

What to expect
At the initial visit, a teacher of the Bates Method will assess your eyesight and may suggest 6-10 weekly sessions. In turn you should be prepared to perform simple eye exercises for at least half an hour daily. For example:

'Palming.' To rest and relax your eyes, sit comfortably in front of a table, resting your elbows on a stack of cushions high enough to bring your palms easily to your eyes without stooping forward or looking up. Close your eyes and cover them with your cupped palms to exclude light, avoiding pressure on the sockets. Breathe slowly and evenly, relaxing and imagining deep blackness. Begin by doing this for 10 minutes, two or three times a day.

'Swinging.' Relax and keep the eyes mobile. Stand up and focus on a distant point, swaying gently from side to side. Repeat 100 times daily, blinking as you sway. Blinking cleans and lubricates the eyes, which is especially important if you spend a lot of time in front of a computer.

You may be asked to have a 'colour day.' Choose a colour and look out for it throughout the day. When you see it, be aware of the colour rather than the form. For example, if it's a red truck, experience the shade of red, not the truck.

The Bates Method teacher will also give advice on posture, breathing, relaxation, diet and exercise to help relieve tension.

What to look out for
Consult a doctor if you have glaucoma, cataracts or macular degeneration. Check any vision problems with a doctor or optometrist. Bear in mind that a fair amount of dedication is required and improvement can seem a long time coming.

Where to find it
The Bates' Association maintains a register of teachers who have qualified from approved training courses. They do not diagnose or treat eye disease, nor prescribe spectacles. Sessions last an hour and cost £20-£40 depending on location.

Useful addresses
The Bates Association for Vision Education
PO Box 25, Shoreham-by-Sea,
West Sussex
BN43 6ZF
Tel 01273 422090
Fax 01273 179983
Email: bave@seeing.org
www.seeing.org