Weaning your baby chat

The author of various books on nutrition, including The Children's Food Bible, Judith Wills answers iVillagers' questions about weaning

Confused by guidelines
No more carrots please!
Only wants milk?
Not eating anything
Ready Brek and Weetabix
Nuts?
Weaning and allergies
Fussy toddler
Snacks for a 13-month-old
Recipe ideas
Diabetes and colitis in the family

Confused by guidelines
twirlydoughnut
I'm expecting my fourth child, but am confused about the guidelines for weaning as they have changed so much since my last baby was born (she is now four years old).

I'm planning to breastfeed, probably for about eight months, but am unclear as to when to start weaning. Is the right time based on the baby's weight or is it just age? I can't imagine trying to fill up a hungry five-month-old baby with milk alone if it needs something more.

We also have allergies in the family - all three of my children have eczema, and I am allergic to acidic fruit, such as oranges, strawberries, kiwi etc. Are there any foods I should avoid when weaning?

judith_wills
The UK Department of Health issued new guidelines in 2003 advising women that breastfeeding as the sole source of nutrition is preferable for the first six months. However this advice isn't exactly set in stone. The British Nutrition Foundation suggests that it may be time to wean when the baby's weight reaches 7kg OR double the birth weight. So yes, weight does come into it. And these days with bigger and bigger birth weights this may be very relevant.

However, weaning before the age of four months has several negatives - baby's digestive system and kidneys may not be able to cope readily with solids; early weaning may encourage allergies especially if there is a family history of allergies (an important point in your case) and it may encourage obesity and other possible health problems later in life.

Having said that, late weaning can also bring problems so there is no great gain to be had in leaving weaning much after six months - indeed, breast milk alone is unlikely to provide all the nutrients needed after that time. So while you continue to breastfeed, begin introducing solids to your baby.

Regarding allergies - avoid those which you know you are allergic to while breastfeeding and follow the guidelines for infant feeding, avoiding known high-risk foods which may cause allergies, such as cow's milk, egg, soya and fish.

No more carrots please!
Jf2705

I'm confused about what meal plans to use for my seven-month-old. I'm embarrassed to say that I have resorted to using jars some of the time, and feel he is just 'carroted out' with all the orange food he has!

Can you give me some ideas, hopefully things that I can cook for everyone, adding the seasoning later. I'm keen to add as much lumpy food as possible, although the books I've read seem to imply that pasta is the only option here. Is that true?

judith_wills
From six to nine months there are all kinds of foods you can give an infant. While carrot and other orange veggies such as squash and sweet potatoes are often used as they are nice and palatable for most infants - and look pretty! - you can try parsnips, cauliflower, broccoli or well pureed peas for instance. All you need is a blender and you are away. By blending your own you can leave in as much or as little 'lump' as you like (making sure he doesn't choke of course).

You can try mixing in natural yogurt and you can feed well cooked lentils and other pulses such as butter beans and cannellini beans, lean poultry and red meat. You can try small quantities of hard cheese such as Cheddar, hard-boiled egg yolk. Fruits such as avocado, melon and peeled peaches may be thoroughly enjoyed.

For menu suggestions, there isn't really room or time here for me to give you a lot - but if you have a library nearby, you'll find many good books on feeding your infant there - or there are many tips here on the web. By the time they are nine months they will enjoy many of the meals you cook for your family - just blend to a suitable consistency and never add salt to a meal your infant is going to eat. Hope that helps!

Only wants milk?
hw2004

I'm worried that my baby will only drink milk. I've tried giving him juice or just plain water but he acts as if I'm trying to choke him. He's not drinking much at all, as after he's eaten his solid food, he's too full to want the milk. What can I do to make sure he's getting enough liquid?

judith_wills You don't say how old he is, but this is quite a common problem in the early stages of weaning. Try giving him a drink before you feed him. He is used to having milk as a source of food, so if he is full up then he won't be so interested in the milk as a drink. When you first start offering water it is a 'new' thing and so some babies will baulk at it at first but DO keep trying. Again, offer frequently throughout the day and before a meal or snack rather than after. I promise you that the problem will get sorted but whatever you do don't start offering sweet drinks in desperation. He only needs milk and water - even juice isn't necessary.

Not eating anything
callade

My daughter Kiera is eight months old and for the past few weeks she has hardly eaten anything. She was breastfed for the first six months and then I started introducing baby rice and vegetables and fruit purees. She enjoyed these so I started following meal plans from Annabel Karmel's book.

To begin with everything was fine and she ate everything happily. Then she would eat a couple of mouthfuls before refusing to eat any more. Now she is refusing to eat anything.

I have spoken to the health visitor who thinks she might be teething and has now advised me to stop the solids for a week and just breastfeed, then start from scratch again. Any suggestions?

judith_wills
Sounds like your health visitor is probably right and her advice is good, so I don't really want to contradict that, especially as she knows you and your baby and I don't. Be assured you are not doing anything wrong; this is a common problem and the only advice I can add is 'don't panic' - if Kiera isn't back to solids in a couple of weeks then your health visitor will no doubt have more good advice to offer.

Ready Brek and Weetabix
cl-gail.ashley

We've had many discussions on the boards about giving babies from about six months Ready Brek and Weetabix for breakfast. What's your opinion about these?

judith_wills I think they are fine as part of a balanced diet as long as the baby doesn't have a gluten intolerance (found in wheat, oats, barley and rye). I'd still give baby rice as a major part of the breakfast programme for now. Making your own porridge from oats is a good idea - porridge is very low in salt which is ideal.

Nuts?
cl-merith

As many of my family suffer from allergies (ranging from asthma, eczema, nut (walnut/pecan/almond) allergy, hayfever, etc) I have chosen not to give my boys (age three and one-and-a-half) nuts of any kind (including peanuts and cashews) until they are five.

They do, however, have seeds such as sesame seeds and pulses such as chickpeas (ie in hummus) and I've been told by various (non-professional) people that I'm wasting my time by avoiding the nuts, as they can be sensitised by the seeds and pulses.

Is this true? Am I avoiding the correct things, or have the last three years been a big mistake? I'm also breastfeeding my younger son and I too avoid all the same nuts as him, just to be on the safe side.

judith_wills
I'm afraid this is a bit of a grey area because, I think, even the professionals just aren't sure, so some offer blanket advice - avoid it all to be on the safe side.

I think on balance as you have a family allergy history it is much the best idea to continue avoiding nuts along with your children under five.

You're not wasting your time though. If your family are okay with the diet they've been eating, then they are not allergic to these seeds or pulses. Yes, it may be that they could eat peanut butter, etc. as well (no whole nuts under five) but if you are all managing fine without then why start now - better to be on the safe side.

Weaning and allergies
klongland

I have asthma and am allergic to all animal fur, feathers etc. I am weaning my baby girl who is six months old. I am a little confused about gluten, strawberries, potatoes etc as I've read that if someone in the family has allergies, it's best to wait until the baby's six months. However, I've now read more advice that tells me to wait even longer. When is a good time to start introducing these new foods?

judith_wills
Six to nine months is the usual time that the experts say you can introduce foods such as potatoes, gluten-containing grains. Strawberries and other berries are best left until between nine months and a year. Broccoli and most other veggies should be fine after six months. With your history of allergies you may feel happier if you visit your GP and get more detailed and personal advice from the community dietician (ask to be referred).

Fussy toddler
kirsty_c

At 11 months old, my daughter stopped eating all my lovely home-made food and eight months later, she still has quite a restricted diet. I've listed what she does eat and there seems to be food from all the main food groups so I'm trying not to worry too much (cereal, fish, fruit, hummus, kidney beans, cheese, yogurt, toast/bread, marmite, chips, most fruit).

Is it normal for toddlers to stop eating different food, after having enjoyed it previously? And if it is, how long does it usually last? (I don't want a five-year-old who only eats fish fingers and kidney beans!).

judith_wills
This is such a common occurrence as to be almost normal and so I won't call it a 'problem' although I am sure it seems like that to you - we all worry so much about nutrition!

The main thing is to keep offering a range of foods, in very small amounts. If not taken, keep calm and try again a week or two later. Research shows that infants and children under two take up to ten 'tries' to like a food. Try adding vegetables to pureed soups, stews or mix them with meat in a sauce.

It is true that children's preferences are mainly arrived at before school age so it is important to try to get some broad and healthy tastes going - you seem to be very committed to giving your child a good diet and that is most of the battle won.

Most toddlers grow out of their food fad stage by the time they start school.

Snacks for a 13-month-old
saz30

My daughter is 13 months old and am just wondering what snacks I can give her. At the moment, she has either a stick of cheese, baby rice cake, banana, half a Rich Tea finger biscuit. She is not keen on raisins, grapes or apple (tries to eat them but spits them out) but I keep trying her with them every now and again. Is it worth persevering with these foods? We're not sure of good healthy snacks/finger food for going out for the day either - what can you recommend?

judith_wills
Your range of finger foods is fine - although Rich Teas are quite high in sugar but less so than some other biscuits. Try fine oatcakes instead of those if you can at least some of the time.

Keep trying with the apples and other fruit. Research shows that it takes up to ten tries to get an infant to like a new foods, so don't give up after one or two goes.

If you take an insulated lunch box with you when going out, the choices are many - a pot of fruit fromage frais, little sandwiches, hard-boiled egg, breadsticks, good quality fruit cake, seedless satsumas plus all the things you've already mentioned. Just try to avoid highly-processed snack foods and drinks which can be high in salt and/or less healthy fats and/or sugar.

Recipe ideas
suki

Can you give me some tips on what to feed my little one. He's been having lots of veggie combinations since I started weaning him at six months. I'm worried that he might get sick of veggies as he seems to have them all the time. I'm fast running out of inspiration! Many thanks

judith_wills
It makes a change to hear of a baby who really likes his vegetables! But as you say even so he needs more variety in his diet over the next few months.

From six to nine months is a good time to introduce a variety of new fruits (assuming he has already had pureed apples and pears) including peaches, melon and perhaps avocado.

Also try a variety of cereals including wheat and oats (unless he is gluten-allergic) as well as baby rice. Pureed poultry and lean red meat can also be eaten, as can pulses such as red lentils. He can also have yogurt, little bits of hard cheese and hard-boiled egg.

Just remember not to add salt and to puree his food to suit his age adding bigger lumps as the weeks go by.

Diabetes and colitis in the family
angela546

Unfortunately we have a history of diabetes and colitis in the family and I wondered what foods I should avoid to help protect my son from these illnesses.

He is 18 weeks and breastfed at the moment and I don't want to give him the wrong thing when I start to wean him

judith_wills
If the diabaetes is non-insulin dependent type, then keeping your children at a suitable weight (ie not putting on too much) and giving them a general healthy diet and regular exercise should help them avoid diabetes later in life.

Colitis is not my area of expertise and I think you should go to your GP for further advice and possible referral to the community dietician on this.